git - Cloned GitHub repos ask for a password, while originally created don't - Super User
Your old repositories used SSH remotes (git@github.com: or ssh://git@github.com/ prefixes), which used public-key authentication. (In fact, the Github SSH server never asks for a password.)
Your new repositories use HTTP remotes (https://username@github.com/), which only support password-based HTTP Basic authentication and do not use your SSH keys.
Change your remote URLs to use SSH again. Use git remote set-url or edit .git/config to do this.
Nice.